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No. 623,5I8. Patented Apr. 25, i899. E.. E. CRUOK.

HYDROCARBON BURNER.

(Application led. May 31, 18984 (No Model.)

Unire STATES Artnr Ormea.

EDVIN E. OROOK, OF INDIANAPOLIS, INDIANA.

HYDROCARBON-BURNER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 623,518, dated April25, 1899.

Application ned May 31,1898. SerialNo. 682.150. (No model.)

To all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, EDWIN F.. ORooK, a citizen of the United States,residing at Indianapolis, in the county of Marion and State of Indiana,have invented certain new and useful Improvements inHydrocarbon-Burners, of which the following is a speciication.

The common practice in starting hydrocarbon-burners has been to heat thegenerator by burning oil in an open pan under it, and while this is aquick method of getting the lire started it is quite objectionable onaccount of the disagreeable odor of the oil which unavoidably escapes,and because of the eX- cessive production of soot, which collects on theburner and inside of the stove, making all parts reached by it smuttyand dirty.

One object of this invention is to provide means whereby the initialheating of the generator can be accomplished without odor and smoke inperhaps a little longer time than by the open-pan method, but also inwhich the open-pan method can be quickly employed whenever quickerresults are essential,

Another object is to distribute the oil uniformly over a larger area ofthe pan than heretofore, and the object also is to facilitate thetransmission of heat from the walls to the oil on the inside of thegenerator.

The object of the invention also is to provide means whereby the flameand heat from the burning vapors can be controlled and directed at willagainst the stove-top or downk toward the oven, as the circumstances mayrequire.

I accomplish the objects of the invention by the mechanism illustratedin the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure l is a detail in verticalsection of my improved burner, showing the pipeconnections for thesupply of oil and the transfer of the vapors. Fig. 2 is a detail in sideelevation, partially in section, of the upper half of the generator andsuperimposed parts. Fig. 3

' is a horizontal section of the generator on the dotted line 3 3looking inthe direction of the arrows, and Fig. l is alike view of theoilpan on the dotted line 4 et. Fig. 5 is a view, on a larger scale, ofthe oil-pan and initialheating apparatus. Fig. 6 is a side elevation ofthe hood which covers the lamp under the generator, and Fig. 7 is asection of saine on the dotted line 7 '7 of Fig. G looking in thedirection of the arrows.

A is the tank which contains the oil to be used, and which oil willpreferably be one of the residuals of petroleum after the gummyproperties and most valuable commercial ingredients of the crude oilhave been removed.

B is the retort or generator, which is oval or circular in outline andis flattened at the sides and in many respects is similar to othergenerators heretofore used for the same purpose. Ithas the centralwalled opening B and is supplied with oil from the tank A through thepipe A. The latter has the cock a, by means of which the oil is turnedon or off. The oil is vapor-ized in the generator B, and the vapors arecarried down through the pipe In2 and are discharged at the lower end ofthe opening B', where they mix with air and pass up through the openinginto the spreader O. The spreader O is a removable conical cap with avertical downwardly-projected annular iiange O', which is provided withthe slots or kerfs c, through which the mixed vapor and air introducedinto the concavity of the spreaderissues. The ignition of the gasestakes place outside of the kerfs, and the heat generated raises thetemperature of the generator-walls,thereby causing the oil contained inthe generator to become heated to volatilization. This is encouraged bythe formation of the concentric Walls Z), which conduct the heat downinto the oil, and by the radial ilanges b', integral with the top,bottom, and sides of the generating-chamber. The latter by being locatedimmediately under the flame of the ignited gas assistV very materiallyin conducting the heat into the oil. Radial ianges b2 around the wallsof the central opening B are specially advantageous in the initialheating of the generator, as will hereinafter more clearly appear.

In cooking on top of the stove it is desirable that the gas-Haine andheat be directed against the lids of the stove, and for that reason theannular ange D', a suitable distance from the kerfed cap, is provided.For baking, roasting, and such operations as require the use of the ovenit is desir-able that the heat and ame be directed downward in thedirection of the oven, and to provide for this I make a depression inthe outer margin ICO of the generator-top to receive an annular plate D,and I provide suitable means for elevating this plate until its underside is above the kerf-terminals of the spreader, thereby permitting andforcing the flame to pass between the plate and the top of thegenerator. The contour of the under side of the plate D is such as todirect the llame in a downward direction. In the drawings I have shownthe cams or eccentrics d for giving the proper elevation to the plate D;but other means can be adopted without departing from the spirit of thisinvention, the essential feature of which is the adjustable plate itselfand not the means for securing that adjustment.

I will now describe the means by which the initial volatilization of theoil is accomplished in starting the action of the burner.

E is the oil-pan, which has a central opening surrounded by anupwardly-projected wall or line E', at the base of which is an outsideannular concavity or depression cof considerable depth to receive andhold a supply of oil, which is conveyed to it through the pipe A2, whichis a branch from the pipe A', as shown in Fig. l of the drawings. It isprovided-with the cock d2, by which it is opened or closed at the willof the operator. Surrounding the line E and resting on and bolted to thebottom of the pan is a plate F, having a central opening of course, andsurrounding this opening is the vertical wall or flue F', the diameterof which is greater than the outside diameter of the Iiue E' toa degreesufficient to provide space for a wick G, which is placed between thetwo i'lues. This wick will be of non-combustible material, preferablysuch as asbestos, and its lower end will rest in the oil-depression c,from which by capillary action the oil will be diffused throughout thewick and will be ignited at the top of the latter. The wick will befastened to a metal band G. The two ends of an adjusting-rod g will befastened to diametrically opposite sides of the band, and the middleportion of the rod will be bent over the flue E' and carried down insideof the flue and toan accessible point below it, where it can bemanipulated to raise and lower the wick. The plate F will haveunder-side radial grooves j", forming channels through which an excessof oil discharged into the depression e will overflow into the pau. Theplate also has outside marginal lugs projected upwardlyor aeontinuousmarginal flange, as shown at f in the drawings, to which the base of atruncated conical hood II is secured by bolts, rivets, or otherwise.This hood is bolted in like manner to lugs depending from the undersideof the generator. The front of the hood will be cut away to permitaccess to the wick when it is de sired to light the oil on the latter,and this opening-is closed by a sliding door H. An air-space 71. betweenthe hood and the generator will be provided, and the sliding door may bemade to form a closure for this opening also, if desired.

IVhen the oil on thewick is ignited, the iiame will have center draft aswell as outside-air supply, and the hood and walled opening through thegenerator will act as a flue to insure complete combustion of the carbonin the oil and prevent the formation of soot. The escape into the roomof the disagreeable oily smell will also be prevented.

Experience will indicate the proper amount of oil to be admitted intothe cavity c, and when the oil is all consumed the lire on the wick willgo out.

Should it be desired to secure quick action in starting the generationof gas in the generator, a supply of oil may be admitted through thepipe A2 to flood the bottom of the pan E, and the oil will then beignited in the pan in the usual way. To insure a more even diffusion ofthe oil in the pan, I prefer to slope the bottom of the latter upwardlytoward the center and provide a series of annular ribs E2, which willretain a portion of the oil and allow only the overiiow to pass down tothe next rib, and so on. The walls I) and anges b carry the heat up intothe oil from the bottom of the generator in the same manner as the heatis carried down from the top after the burner is working normally, andthe ilanges b2 around the center opening conduct the heat into the oilfrom the center tube. Transverse openings b3 permit free circulation ofoil around the base of the vaportube.

Having thus fully described my invention,

what I claim as new, and wish to secure by Letters Patent of the UnitedStates, is

l. The combination, with a retort having a central vapor-tube, a kerfedspreader or cap resting on the retort over the tube and avcrtically-adjustable plate to throw the flame from the spreader up ordown, substantially as described and for the purposes specified.

2. The combination, with a retort havinga central vapor-tube, aspreaderl resting on the retort over the tube and adjustable meansconnected with the burner for throwing the iiame of the burner up ordown for the purposes specified.

3. The combination, with a retort having a central vapor-tube, a kerfedspreader or cap resting on the retort over the tube and a vertically-adj ustable plate resting on the retort outside of the spreaderbelow the kerfs and having a flange to direct the heat and llame in anupward direction, said plate having an outwardly and downwardly shapedvunder side and means for elevating the plate to a position above thekerfsof the spreaders and sustaining it in its elevated positionsubstantially as described and for the purposes specified.

4. The combination, with the retort having a central vapor-tube withfianges on the inside of the retort radiating from the tube IIO andother radial iianges around the inside of the retort integral With itsmarginal wall but not Connected With the central tube or its flanges,and a kerfed spreader resting on the retort over said central tube.

5. The combination, with the retort having a central Vapor-tube Withflanges on the inside of the retort radiating from the` tube, withtransverse openings through the lower inner corners of the flanges,substantially as shown, and a kerfed spreader resting on the retort oversaid tube.

G. In a hydrocarbon-burner, a generator having a Vertical vapor-tube, aspreader resting on the generator over the vapor-tube, an

auxiliary burner below the generator under the tube having anoil-receptacle at its base and having overflows, means for supplying oilto the receptacle, a pan surrounding the EDW'IN E. CROOK.

Witnesses:

JOSEPH A. MINTURN, CARL SCHLEGEL.

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